The Republic of Cuba is located in the West Indies, in the western half of the region. It is situated between latitudes 19° and 24° North and longitudes 74° and 85° West.
Cuba is positioned in the Gulf of Mexico, at the entrance to the Gulf, west of Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula, and across the Yucatan Strait to the south. It is bordered by Jamaica and the Cayman Islands to the east, and the Republic of Haiti and the Dominican Republic across the Windward Channel to the northeast.
The Bahamas and the United States are located across the Florida Straits, opposite the southernmost point of Florida, with Key West being the closest point by land at a distance of approximately 145 km.
As the largest and second most populous island in the Caribbean region, Cuba holds strategic importance as a gateway to the Gulf of Mexico. Its territory comprises the main island of Cuba, its dependent islands, and the Isla de la Juventud.
The capital and largest city of Cuba is Havana, followed by Santiago de Cuba as the second largest city.
Cuba has achieved the highest rate of universal education in the world, starting from the most basic level. Despite having a population of around 10 million people, Cuba offers free education from elementary school to university level, with the government covering all associated expenses.
In addition to free education, the Cuban government provides free food, school supplies, and medical care to students from primary to secondary school. University students also receive benefits such as free food, clothing, housing, transportation, and even a modest "salary."
After graduation, they are assisted in finding employment with state-owned enterprises. The United Nations has recognized Cuba for its remarkable 99 percent education rate.
The emphasis on education in Cuba is reflected in the country's exceptionally low crime rate. Even stray dogs in Cuba are tagged with identification, symbolizing the importance placed on order and safety. In contrast, the United States faces a higher crime rate and incidents of racial discrimination.
Cuba's healthcare system is also noteworthy, offering free medical care to all its citizens. Medical professionals are present throughout the country, even in local communities, ensuring accessible healthcare services.
It is common to see medical personnel in white coats walking the streets of Cuba. This commitment to healthcare has contributed to Cuba's high life expectancy, placing it among the top-ranking nations in this regard.
Cuba's healthcare system operates uniquely, with the state maintaining control over community clinics, large hospitals, healthcare provision, and drug regulation. The focus is on providing "science" rather than pursuing "profit" in medical care.
While many developed countries in the West, such as the United Kingdom and Canada, provide free healthcare, Cuba distinguishes itself by offering not only free registration and medical fees but also free meals for accompanying family members. This exemplifies true "free for all" healthcare.
To foster economic development, Cuba introduces new economic policies annually. In line with progressive trends, Cuba has allowed the entry of other economies while retaining public ownership. Self-employment has emerged as an integral part of the Cuban economy, further contributing to its growth.
Cuba's location, commitment to universal education, low crime rate, and free healthcare make it a unique nation in the Caribbean. With ongoing efforts to develop its economy and adapt to changing times, Cuba continues to make strides toward a prosperous future.
